狀語從句中

在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動作發生有先后關系，動作在前的，要用過去完成時，動作在后的要用一般過去時。

When I got to the station, the train had already left.

After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

注意：before, after 引導的時間狀語從句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表達了動作的先后關系，若主、從句表示的動作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時。如：

Where did you study before you came here?

After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

( 3 )表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

3. 根據上、下文來判定。

I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

用法

1. 過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束，即發生在“過去的過去”。

When I woke up, it had stopped raining.

我醒來時，雨已經停了。(主句的動作發生在“過去的過去”)

2. 過去完成時是一個相對的時態，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。

He told me that he had written a new book.

(had written 發生在 told 之前 )

3. 過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等時間副詞及 by ， before ， until 等引導的短語或從句連用。

Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.

Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.

4. 過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態在過去某時之前已經開始，一直延續到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結束，仍然有繼續下去的可能。

By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.( had worked 已有了 20 年，還有繼續進行下去的可能)

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